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- Background:
- Methods:
- Results:
- Conclusions:
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Convex Spherical Metatarsal Head
- Lateral Metatarsal Ridge with an Abducted Cartilaginous Surface That Extends More Proximal
- Dorsal Metatarsal Cartilaginous Surface That Extends More Proximal Lateral
- Intrinsic Eversion Torsion in the Metatarsal
- Proximal Concave Spherical Joint Articulation
- Medial Phalangeal Length Exceeds Its Lateral Length
- More Proximal Phalangeal Joint Depth Medially
- Distal Intrinsic Eversion Torsion in the Phalanx
- Distal Medial Phalangeal Condyle More Vertically Oriented Than Its Lateral Counterpart
- Metatarsal Inversion and First-Ray Stability
- Theoretical Two-Axis Kinematic Model of Metatarsophalangeal Joint Motion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgment
- References
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First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Motion in Homo sapiens
Theoretical Association of Two-Axis Kinematics and Specific Morphometrics
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Background:
The metatarsal head and proximal phalanx exhibit considerable asymmetry in their shape and geometry, but there is little documentation in the literature regarding the prevalence of structural characteristics that occur in a given population. Although there is a considerable volume of in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrating first metatarsal inversion around its longitudinal axis with dorsiflexion, little is known regarding the applicability of specific morphometrics to these motions.
Methods:
Nine distinctive osseous characteristics in the metatarsal head and phalanx were selected based on their location, geometry, and perceived functional relationship to previous studies describing metatarsal motion as inversion with dorsiflexion. The prevalences of the chosen characteristics were determined in a cohort of 21 randomly selected skeletal specimens, 19 of which were provided by the anatomical preparation office at the University of California, San Diego, and two of which were in the possession of one of us (M.D.).
Results:
The frequency of occurrence of each selected morphological characteristic in this sample and the relevant summary statistics confirm a strong association between the selected features and a conceptual two-axis kinematic model of the metatarsophalangeal joint.
Conclusions:
The selected morphometrics are consistent with inversion of the metatarsal around its longitudinal axis as it dorsiflexes. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 102(5): 374–389, 2012)
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