Sano, K and H Hyakusoku. :Does a bone deformity of the distal phalanx undergo remodeling after removal of a congenital ectopic nail?: a case with periodic radiographic follow-up. .J Nihon Med Sch 73::332. :2006. .
Ohia, Z . :Polyonychie congenita sine polydactylie. Acta Dermatol (Kyoto), cited in Ectopic plantar nail: a report of two cases. .Br J Dermatol 149::1071. :2003. .
Riaz, F, RM Rashid, and A Khachemoune. :Onychoheterotopia: pathogenesis, presentation, and management of ectopic nail. .J Am Acad Dermatol 64::161. :2011. .
Miura, T . :Two families with congenital nail anomalies: nail formation in ectopic areas. .J Hand Surg [Am] 3::348. :1978. .
Kopera, D, HP Soyer, and H Kerl. :Ectopic calcaneal nail. .J Am Acad Dermatol 35::484. :1996. .
Narang, T and AJ Kanwar. :Ectopic nail with polydactyly. .J Am Acad Dermatol 53::1092. :2005. .
Al-Qattan, MM, J Hassanain, and MB Hawary. :Congenital palmar nail syndrome. .J Hand Surg [Br] 22::674. :1997. .
Roger, H, P Souteryrand, JP Collin, et al. :Onychoheterotopia with polyonychia associated with Pierre Robin syndrome: apropos of a new case. (Trial of classifying nail ectopia). .Ann Dermatol Venereol 113::235. :1986. .
Kalisman, M, R Goldberg, and AG Ship. :Dorsal skin and finger-nails on the volar aspect of the hand: an unusual anatomic deformity. .Plast Reconstr Surg 69::694. :1982. .
Aoki, K and H Suzuki. :The morphology and hardness of the nail in two cases of congenital onychoheterotopia. .Br J Dermatol 110::717. :1984. .
Rajashekar, M, S Bhandary, M Shenoy, et al. :Post traumatic ectopic nail. .J Postgrad Med 53::218. :2006. .
Aoki, K and Y Hataba. :A case of congenital onychoheterotopia on both fifth fingers. .Clin Exp Dermatol 16::285. :1991. .
Mazzarello, V, P Ena, and LA Dessy. :A morphological study of ectopic plantar nail. .Am J Dermatopathol 27::122. :2005. .
Bongiorno, MR and M Aricò. :Progressive symmetric erythrokeratosis associated with oligodontia, severe caries, disturbed hair growth and ectopic nail: a new syndrome? Dermatology 217::347. :2008. .
Ishikawa, E, A Matsumura, T Enomoto, et al. :Ectopic fingerlike structure in the thoracic region: case report. .J Neurosurg 95( Suppl 2:):250. :2001. .
Markinson, B, AR Brenner, and M McGrath. :Congenital ectopic nail. A case study. .JAPMA 78::318. :1988. .
Ena, P, V Mazzarello, and LA Dessy. :Ectopic plantar nail: a report of two cases. .Br J Dermatol 149::1071. :2003. .
Kamibayashi, Y, S Abe, A Fujita, et al. :Congenital ectopic nail with bone deformity. .Br J Plast Surg 51::321. :1998. .
Goikoetxea, X, I Etxebarria, and M Careaga. :Posttraumatic ectopic nail: case report. .J Hand Surg Am 31::819. :2006. .
Onychoheterotopia is an uncommon condition in which nail tissue is found beyond the common nail unit of the digits of the hands and feet, most often on the fifth digit of the hand. It represents an extra and independent nail that can be present either congenitally, or more commonly, acquired following trauma. The exact pathogenesis of the congenital type is undetermined. We report a 25-year-old male with multiple congenital ectopic nails of the toes since birth, which has not been reported before. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(5): 445–447, 2013)