advertising
-
1
Bryant A, Tinley P, Singer K: A comparison of radiographic measurements in normal, hallux valgus, and hallux limitus feet. J Foot Ankle Surg 39: 39, 2000.
-
2
Bryant A, Tinley P, Singer K: Radiographic measurements and plantar pressure distribution in normal, hallux valgus and hallux limitus feet. The Foot 10: 18, 2000.
-
3
D'Arcangelo PR, Landorf KB, Munteanu SE, et al: Radiographic correlates of hallux valgus severity in older people. J Foot Ankle Res 3: 20, 2010.
-
4
McCluney JG, Tinley P: Radiographic measurements of patients with juvenile hallux valgus compared with age-matched controls: a cohort investigation. J Foot Ankle Surg 45: 161, 2006.
-
5
Munuera PV, Polo J, Rebollo J: Length of the first metatarsal and hallux in hallux valgus in the initial stage. Int Orthop 32: 489, 2008.
-
6
Taranto J, Taranto MJ, Bryant AR, et al: Analysis of dynamic angle of gait and radiographic features in subjects with hallux abducto valgus and hallux limitus. JAPMA 97: 175, 2007.
-
7
Nix S, Smith M, Vicenzino B: Prevalence of hallux valgus in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Foot Ankle Res 3: 21, 2010.
-
8
Morag E, Cavanagh PR: Structural and functional predictors of regional peak pressures under the foot during walking. J Biomech 32: 359, 1999.
-
9
Glasoe WM, Pena FA, Phadke V: Cardan angle rotation sequence effects on first-metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics: implications for measuring hallux valgus deformity. J Foot Ankle Res 7: 29, 2014.
-
10
Menz HB, Roddy E, Marshall M, et al: Epidemiology of shoe wearing patterns over time in older women: associations with foot pain and hallux valgus. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 71: 1682, 2016.
-
11
Nix SE, Vicenzino BT, Collins NJ, et al: Characteristics of foot structure and footwear associated with hallux valgus: a systematic review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 20: 1059, 2012.
-
12
Hardy R, Clapham J: Observations on hallux valgus: based on a controlled series. J Bone Joint Surg 33-B: 376, 1951.
-
13
Mancuso J, Abramow S, Landsman M, et al: The zero-plus first metatarsal and its relationship to bunion deformity. J Foot Ankle Surg 42: 319, 2003.
-
14
Chauhan D, Bhutta MA, Barrie JL: Does it matter how we measure metatarsal length? Foot Ankle Surg 17: 124, 2011.
-
15
Dominguez G, Munuera PV, Lafuente G: Relative metatarsal protrusion in the adult: a preliminary study. JAPMA 96: 238, 2006.
-
16
LaPorta GA, Nasser EM, Mulhern JL, et al: The mechanical axis of the first ray: a radiographic assessment in hallux abducto valgus evaluation. J Foot Ankle Surg 55: 28, 2016.
-
17
Smith R, Reynolds J, Stewart M: Hallux valgus assessment: report of research committee of American Foot and Ankle Society. Foot Ankle 5: 92, 1984.
-
18
Steel MW, 3rd, Johnson KA, DeWitz MA, et al: Radiographic measurements of the normal adult foot. Foot Ankle 1: 151, 1980.
-
19
Coughlin MJ, Jones CP: Hallux valgus: demographics, etiology, and radiographic assessment. Foot Ankle Int 28: 759, 2007.
-
20
Glasoe WM, Yack HJ, Saltzman CL: Anatomy and biomechanics of the first ray. Phys Ther 79: 854, 1999.
-
21
Hicks JH: The mechanics of the foot. I. The joints. J Anat 87: 345, 1953.
-
22
Kitsukawa K, Hirano T, Niki H, et al: MR imaging evaluation of the Lisfranc ligament in cadaveric feet and patients with acute to chronic Lisfranc injury. Foot Ankle Int 36: 1483, 2015.
-
23
Romash M, Fugate D, Yanklowit B: Passive motion of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint: preoperative assessment. Foot Ankle 10: 293, 1990.
-
24
Wolf P, Stacoff A, Liu A, et al: Functional units of the human foot. Gait Posture 28: 434, 2008.
-
25
Glasoe WM, Yack HJ, Saltzman CL: Measuring first ray mobility with a new device. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 80: 122, 1999.
-
26
Wanivenhaus A, Pretterklieber M: First tarsometatarsal joint: anatomical biomechanical study. Foot Ankle Int 9: 153, 1989.
-
27
Glasoe W, Pena F, Phadke V, et al: Arch height and first metatarsal joint axis orientation as related variables in foot structure and function. Foot Ankle Int 29: 647, 2008.
-
28
Glasoe WM: Treatment of progressive first metatarsophalangeal hallux valgus deformity: a biomechanically based muscle-strengthening approach. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 46: 596, 2016.
-
29
Glasoe WM, Jensen DD, Kampa BB, et al: First ray kinematics in women with rheumatoid arthritis and bunion deformity: a gait simulation imaging study. Arthritis Care Res 66: 837, 2014.
-
30
Glasoe WM, Nuckley DJ, Ludewig PM: Hallux valgus and the first metatarsal arch segment: a theoretical biomechanical perspective. Phys Ther 90: 110, 2010.
-
31
Glasoe WM, Phadke V, Pena FA, et al: An image-based gait simulation study of tarsal kinematics in women with hallux valgus. Phys Ther 93: 1551, 2013.
-
32
Glasoe WM, Wolff K, Wicks A, et al: Prediction of the first ray axis from clinical measurements: implications for the treatment of bunion. Clin Res Foot Ankle 2: 1, 2014.
-
33
Rattanaprasert U, Smith R, Sullivan M, et al: Three-dimensional kinematics of the forefoot, rearfoot, and leg without function of tibialis posterior in comparison with normals during stance phase of walking. Clin Biomech 14: 14, 1999.
-
34
Hirsch B, Udupa J, Samarasekera S: New method of studying joint kinematics from three-dimensional reconstructions of MRI data. JAPMA 86: 4, 1996.
-
35
Swanson JE, Stoltman MG, Oyen CR, et al: Comparison of 2D-3D measurements of hallux and first ray sagittal motion in patients with and without hallux valgus. Foot Ankle Int 37: 227, 2016.
-
36
Fleiss JL: The Design and Analysis of Clinical Experiments, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.
-
37
Gutekunst DJ, Liu L, Ju T, et al: Reliability of clinically relevant 3D foot bone angles from quantitative computed tomography. J Foot Ankle Res 6: 38, 2013.
-
38
Telfer S, Kindig M, Sangeorzan B, et al: Metatarsal shape and foot type: a geometric morphometric analysis. J Biomech Eng 139: 031008, 2017.
-
39
Thevenot J, Koivumaki J, Kuhn V, et al: A novel methodology for generating 3D finite element models of the hip from 2D radiographs. J Biomech 47: 438, 2014.
-
40
Garrow AP, Papageorgiou A, Silman AJ, et al: The grading of hallux valgus. The Manchester Scale. JAPMA 91: 74, 2001.
-
41
Grady J, Trotter K, Ruff J, et al: Radiographic investigation of the absolute and relative first metatarsal lengths in the asymptomatic foot. JAPMA 105: 478, 2015.
-
42
Steinberg N, Finestone A, Noff M, et al: Relationship between lower extremity alignment and hallux valgus in women. Foot Ankle Int 34: 824, 2013.
-
43
Maestro M, Besse JL, Ragusa M, et al: Forefoot morphotype study and planning method for forefoot osteotomy. Foot Ankle Clin 8: 695, 2003.
-
44
Akkurt M, Sesen H, Ozdemir M, et al: Reduced postoperative functional length ratio influences patient satisfaction in first metatarsophalangeal joint replacement. J Foot Ankle Surg 55: 743, 2016.
An Imaged-Based Three-Dimensional Study of First Metatarsal Protrusion Distance in Women with and Without Hallux Valgus
Search for other papers by Michael W. Rodriguez in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kara E. Pioske in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ward M. Glasoe in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Background:
First metatarsal protrusion distance (MPD) has been commonly studied as a characteristic of hallux valgus deformity. To date, the majority of investigations have used radiographic methods, with most reporting first metatarsal (ray) protrusion to be associated with deformity. As an alternative, this study used a three-dimensional (3-D) image acquisition and data analysis method to quantify MPD.
Methods:
Magnetic resonance images were acquired in weightbearing on 29 women (19 with hallux valgus; 10 controls). After the 3-D images were reconstructed into virtual bone models, two examiners measured MPD in relation to the navicular. In addition to a reliability analysis, a t test assessed for group differences in demographics, foot posture (hallux valgus, intermetatarsal angles), and MPD.
Results:
Group demographics were not different, while measures of hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angles were different (P < 0.01) between groups. The measurement of MPD was highly reliable (ICC 
Conclusions:
The reconstructed image datasets captured the 3-D spatial relationship of the anatomy. Measurements of MPD were reliable. The first ray measured 2 mm shorter than the second ray in both the hallux valgus and control groups. Though unexpected, this result may prompt future study of the pathokinematics associated with hallux valgus that include the quantification of metatarsal protrusion with 3-D methods, instead of relying solely on single-plane radiograph reports.
advertising
