Advertisement
-
1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Nonfatal injury reports 2014. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/nonfatal.html. Accessed October 4, 2016.
-
2.
Stienstra J: “Firearm injuries,” in Foot and Ankle Trauma, 2nd Ed, edited by Scurran, B p 147, Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1996.
-
3.
Joseph WS: “Infections Following Lower Extremity Trauma,” in Foot and Ankle Trauma, 2nd Ed, edited by Scurran, B p 805, Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1996.
-
4.
Husain ZH , Schmid S & Lombardo N: Functional outcomes after gunshot wounds to the foot and ankle. J Foot Ankle Surg 55 : 1234, 2016.
-
5.
Gustilo RB & Anderson JT: Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses. J Bone Joint Surg Am 58 : 453, 1976.
-
6.
Knapp TP , Patzakis MJ & Lee J et al.: Comparison of intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of fractures caused by low-velocity gunshots. a prospective, randomized study of infection rates, J Bone Joint Surg Am 78 : 1167, 1996.
-
7.
Geissler WB , Teasedall RD & Tomasin JD et al.: Management of low velocity gunshot-induced fractures. J Orthop Trauma 4 : 39, 1990.
-
8.
Marcus NA , Blair WF & Shuck JM et al.: Low-velocity gunshot wounds to extremities. J Trauma 20 : 1061, 1980.
-
9.
Dickey RL , Barnes BC & Kearns RJ et al.: Efficacy of antibiotics in low-velocity gunshot fractures. J Orthop Trauma 3 : 6, 1989.
-
10.
Kobbe P , Frink M & Oberdeck R et al.: Treatment strategies for gunshot wounds of the extremities. Unfallchirurg 111 : 247, 2008.
-
11.
Hull J: Management of gunshot fractures of the extremities. J Trauma 40 (suppl) : S193, 1996.
-
12.
Cooper GJ & Ryan JM: Interaction of penetrating missiles with tissues common misapprehensions and implications for wound management. Br J Surg 77 : 606, 1990.
-
13.
Golano P , Fariñas O & Sáenz I: The anatomy of the navicular and periarticular structures. Foot Ankle Clin 9 : 1, 2004.
-
14.
DiGiovanni CW: Fractures of the navicular. Foot Ankle Clin 9 : 25, 2004.
-
15.
Bartlett CS: Clinical update: gunshot wound ballistics. Clin Orthop Rel Res 408 : 28, 2003.
-
16.
Deitch EA & Grimes WR: Experience with 112 shotgun wounds of the extremities. J Trauma 24 : 600, 1984.
-
17.
Seibert FJ , Fankhauser F & Elliott B et al.: External fixation in trauma of the foot and ankle. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 20 : 159, 2003.
-
18.
Marin LE , McBroom DB & Caban G: Percutaneous reduction and external fixation for foot and ankle fractures. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 25 : 721, 2008.
-
19.
Jia W , Lau GY & Huang W et al.: Bioactive glass for large bone repair. Adv Healthc Mater 4 : 2842, 2015.
-
20.
Pugely AJ , Petersen EB & DeVries-Watson N et al.: Influence of 45S5 bioactive glass in a standard calcium phosphate collagen bone graft substitute on the posterolateral fusion of rabbit spine. Iowa Orthop J 37 : 193, 2017.
-
21.
Shi E , Carter R & Weinraub GM: Outcomes of hindfoot arthrodesis supplemented with bioactive glass and bone marrow aspirate: a retrospective radiographic study. J Foot Ankle Surg 58 : 2, 2019.
-
22.
Dougherty PJ , Najibi S & Silverton C et al.: Gunshot wounds: epidemiology, wound ballistics, and soft-tissue treatment. Instr Course Lect 58 : 131, 2009.
-
23.
Halawi MJ & Morwood MP: Acute management of open fractures: an evidence-based review. Orthopedics 38 : 1025, 2015.
-
24.
Persad IJ , Reddy RS & Saunders MA et al.: Gunshot injuries to the extremities: experience of a U.K. trauma centre. Injury 36 : 407, 2005.
-
25.
Okike KK & Bhattacharyya T: Trends in the management of open fractures. A critical analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88 : 2739, 2006.
-
26.
Rozen N & Dudkiewicz I: “Wound Ballistics and Tissue Damage,” in Armed Conflict Injuries to the Extremities, edited by Lerner, A & Soudry, M p 21, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2011.
Staged Surgical Management of Open Navicular Fracture Secondary to a Gunshot Injury
The management guidelines of gunshot wound (GSW) injuries to the lower extremities have primarily been described more recently in the literature. A navicular fracture with adjacent joint involvement is presented from a GSW with initial external fixation management to prevent loss of anatomical alignment and successful staged definitive treatment with internal fixation. Based on previous experiences with rearfoot joint involvement from GSW injuries, we were able to direct definitive treatment with arthrodesis of violated joints. After a 1-year follow-up, the patient has returned to normal activities without any limitations. This case report demonstrates a stepwise approach to management of an open navicular fracture secondary to a GSW.
Great Lakes Foot and Ankle Institute, Rochester, MI.
Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI. Dr. Rahnama-Vaghef is now with Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.
