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Ultrasound-Guided Partial Plantar Fascia Release with the Use of a Fine Cutting Device for the Treatment of Persistent Plantar Fasciitis: A Case Series

Michael-Alexander Malahias Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Hospital for Special Surgery, Complex Joint Reconstruction Center, New York, NY.
Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

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Leonidas Roumeliotis Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.

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Evangelos Tyrpenou Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Sotirios-Tsambikos Kazas Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

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Ioannis Sourlas Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

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Maria-Kyriaki Kaseta Second Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

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Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of musculoskeletal discomfort. Minimally invasive interventions are preferred as second-line treatments following failure of conservative management. We report on a novel technique of ultrasound-guided percutaneous release of the medial third of the plantar fascia with the use of a fine cutting device for the treatment of persistent plantar fasciitis.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series of all patients treated with the technique between 2013 and 2015. Patients had failed conservative management for a minimum of 6 months. The procedure was performed in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia. Under continuous ultrasound guidance, release of the medial third of the plantar fascia from the calcaneus was performed using an ophthalmic V-Lance knife through a medial stab wound entry point.

Results: Fifteen patients (six men and nine women) with an average age of 54.7 years were included. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) visual analogue scale score for pain improved significantly, from 66.0 (SD, 18.8) preoperatively to each consecutive follow-up point: 29.3 (SD, 25.2) at 2 weeks, 30.0 (SD, 27.8) at 4 weeks, and 34.0 (SD, 26.1) at 12 weeks (P < .001). The mild increase in visual analogue scale score between 4 and 12 weeks was statistically significant (P = .018). Average duration of required analgesia was 5.5 days and average time required to return to usual activities was 5.7 days. Two patients suffered with refractory neuropathic pain over the lateral border of the foot without any obvious abnormality.

Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous release with the use of a fine cutting device could be an alternative option for the treatment of persistent plantar fasciitis. The technique is not without complications, and a mild but statistically significant decline in pain levels from early to short term has been detected. Therefore, the long-term outcomes of this technique need to be investigated before we can advocate its routine use.

Corresponding author: Leonidas Roumeliotis, MD, FEBOT, Private Orthopaedic Practice, 25 Daskalogianni Street, 11471 Athens, Greece. (E-mail: leonidasroumeliotis@yahoo.gr)
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