advertising
-
1.
Carbonell-Escobar R, Rubio-Suarez JC, Ibarzabal-Gil A, et al: Analysis of the variables affecting outcome in fractures of the tibial pilon treated by open reduction and internal fixation. J Clin Orthop Trauma 8: 332, 2017.
-
2.
Gencer B, Doğan Ö, Igdir V, et al: Searching for a new parameter in the healing of tibia pilon fractures: fracture area measurement. JAPMA 112: 20, 2022.
-
3.
Houben M, van Hoeve S, Leenstra BS, et al: Gait analysis and clinical outcome in patients after pilon fracture surgery. Foot Ankle Surg 28: 1229, 2022.
-
4.
Korkmaz A, Ciftdemir M, Ozcan M, et al: The analysis of the variables, affecting outcome in surgically treated tibia pilon fractured patients. Injury 44: 1270, 2013.
-
5.
Wheelwright JC, Christensen GV, Cizik AM, et al: Significant factors of high performance outcomes for tibial plafond fractures. Foot Ankle Int 43: 1261, 2022.
-
6.
Esposito JG, van der Vliet QMJ, Heng M, et al: Does surgical approach influence the risk of postoperative infection after surgical treatment of tibial pilon fractures? J Orthop Trauma 34: 126, 2020.
-
7.
Biz C, Angelini A, Zamperetti M, et al: Medium-long-term radiographic and clinical outcomes after surgical treatment of intra-articular tibial pilon fractures by three different techniques. Biomed Res Int 2018: 6054021, 2018.
-
8.
Bonato LJ, Edwards ER, Gosling CM, et al: Patient reported health related quality of life early outcomes at 12 months after surgically managed tibial plafond fracture. Injury 48: 946, 2017.
-
9.
Mauffrey C, Vasario G, Battiston B, et al: Tibial pilon fractures: a review of incidence, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Acta Orthop Belg 77: 432, 2011.
-
10.
Middleton SD, Guy P, Roffey DM, et al: Long-term trajectory of recovery following pilon fracture fixation. J Orthop Trauma 36: e250, 2022.
-
11.
Assal M, Ray A, Stern R: The extensile approach for the operative treatment of high-energy pilon fractures: surgical technique and soft-tissue healing. J Orthop Trauma 21: 198, 2007.
-
12.
Abdelgaid SM, Hatata DMZ, Elshafey AE, et al: Minimally invasive reduction and fixation techniques of pilon fractures based on the preoperative CT findings. J Foot Ankle Surg 61: 590, 2022.
-
13.
Shukla R, Jain N, Jain RK, et al: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using locking plates for AO 43-type fractures: lessons learnt from a prospective study. Foot Ankle Spec 11: 236, 2018.
-
14.
Yang L, Yin G, Zhu J, et al: Posterolateral approach for posterior malleolus fixation in ankle fractures: functional and radiological outcome based on Bartonicek classification. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 143: 4099, 2022.
-
15.
Mitchell JJ, Bailey JR, Bozzio AE, et al: Fixation of distal fibula fractures: an update. Foot Ankle Int 35: 1367, 2014.
-
16.
Garner MR, Sethuraman SA, Schade MA, et al: Antibiotic prophylaxis in open fractures: evidence, evolving issues, and recommendations. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 28: 309, 2020.
-
17.
Luo TD, Eady JM, Aneja A, et al: Classifications in brief: Rüedi-Allgöwer classification of tibial plafond fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 475: 1923, 2017.
-
18.
Meinberg EG, Agel J, Roberts CS, et al: Fracture and dislocation classification compendium-2018. J Orthop Trauma 32: S1, 2018.
-
19.
Stanmore Functional Rating. J Orthop Trauma 20: 8(Suppl), S146. Available at: https://journals.lww.com/jorthotrauma/fulltext/2006/09001/stanmore_functional_rating.51.aspx. Accessed February 11, 2025.
-
20.
Black AT, Stowers JM, Tran S, et al: Clinical outcomes for pilon variant posterior malleolar fractures: a multicenter retrospective analysis. J Foot Ankle Surg 61: 1303, 2022.
-
21.
Kumar D, Mittal A, Singh J, et al: Anterolateral and medial locking compression plates for the management of distal tibial fractures: A comparative prospective study. Cureus 15: e44235, 2023.
-
22.
Malige A, Yeazell S, Nwachuku C: Surgical fixation of pilon injuries: a comparison of the anterolateral and posterolateral approach. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 139: 1179, 2019.
-
23.
Bhattacharyya T, Crichlow R, Gobezie R, et al: Complications associated with the posterolateral approach for pilon fractures. J Orthop Trauma 20: 104, 2006.
-
24.
Dietz SO, Müller-Bongartz F, Rommens PM: The small-fragment double plate osteosynthesis in C1 to C3 fractures of the tibial pilon [Article in German]. Z Orthop Unfall 146: 240, 2008.
-
25.
Penny P, Swords M, Heisler J, et al: Ability of modern distal tibia plates to stabilize comminuted pilon fracture fragments: Is dual plate fixation necessary? Injury 47: 1761, 2016.
-
26.
Campbell ST, Goodnough LH, Salazar B, et al: How do pilon fractures heal? An analysis of dual plating and bridging callus formation. Injury 51: 1655, 2020.
-
27.
Liu JW, Ahn J, Nakonezny PA, et al: Insulin dependence increases the risk of 30-day postoperative complications following ankle fracture surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Foot Ankle Surg 60: 917, 2021.
-
28.
Malyavko A, Quan T, Stoll WT, et al: Association of bleeding disorders and risk of complications following open reduction and internal fixation of the ankle. Foot Ankle Int 43: 551, 2022.
-
29.
Ovaska MT, Makinen TJ, Madanat R, et al: Risk factors for deep surgical site infection following operative treatment of ankle fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95: 348, 2013.
Is Pain Inevitable after Tibia Pilon Fractures?: A 3-Year Prospective Analysis
Search for other papers by Batuhan Gencer in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Özgür Doğan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Background: Tibia pilon fractures are associated with a low rate of pain-free return to normal life. Our objective was to ascertain the prevalence of chronic pain in the extensive postoperative follow-up of pilon fractures. Additionally, the factors affecting the existence and intensity of pain were investigated.
Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed 85 patients, with a mean follow-up of 32.98 months (range, 24–65), treated with single-staged surgery between 2015 and 2019. The analyzed parameters were as follows: demographic data, injury mechanisms, fracture type, operation type, preferred main incision and implant, whether posterolateral incision and implant are used, whether the patient can be operated on within the first 48 hours after admission, follow-up period, and complications. Patients’ pain occurrence and intensity were questioned using the Stanmore Functional Scale.
Results: During the final follow-up, only 18 (21.2%) patients reported that they returned to pain-free normal life. The choice of implant and incision was found to be significantly related to both the occurrence and the severity of pain (P < .05). Furthermore, the severity of pain was also found to be significantly related to fracture type and posterolateral incision (P < .05).
Conclusions: When treating pilon fractures, postoperative pain should be considered as a parameter. Dual-plating has been linked to long-term pain after pilon fractures and this should be kept in mind when creating a treatment plan.
advertising
