The authors introduce the peroneal tendon balance procedure and discuss normal and hypermobile function of the first ray. The procedure is based on the theory that the peroneus longus tendon is a primary retrograde stabilizer of the proximal portion of the first ray. The theory emphasizes that abnormal pronation results in a positional weakness of the peroneus longus tendon, which induces first ray hypermobility. This surgical procedure involves an anastomosis of the peroneus longus to the peroneus brevis tendon. It is designed to increase the force of the peroneus longus tendon in order to reduce first ray hypermobility.