advertising
-
1
Alexander IJ, Johnson KA, Parr JW: Morton’s neuroma: a review of recent concepts. .Orthopedics 10::103. ,1987. .
-
2
Dellon AL: Treatment of Morton’s neuroma as a nerve compression: the role for neurolysis. .JAPMA 82::399. ,1992. .
-
3
Gauthier G: Thomas Morton’s disease: a nerve entrapment syndrome: a new surgical technique. .Clin Orthop Relat Res 142::90. ,1979. .
-
4
Graham CE, Graham DM: Morton’s neuroma: a microscopic evaluation. .Foot Ankle 5::150. ,1984. .
-
5
Morscher E, Ulrich J, Dick W: Morton’s intermetatarsal neuroma: morphology and histological substrate. .Foot Ankle Int 21::558. ,2000. .
-
6
Bourke G, Owen J, Machet D: Histological comparison of the third interdigital nerve in patients with Morton’s metatarsalgia and control patients. .Aust N Z J Surg 64::421. ,1994. .
-
7
Barrett SL, Pignetti TT: Endoscopic decompression for intermetatarsal nerve entrapment: the EDIN technique: preliminary study with cadaveric specimens; early clinical results. .J Foot Ankle Surg 33::503. ,1994. .
-
8
Nemoto K, Mikasa M, Tazaki K, et al: Neurolysis as a surgical procedure for Morton’s neuroma. .Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi 63::470. ,1989. .
-
9
Shapiro SL: Endoscopic decompression of the intermetatarsal nerve for Morton’s neuroma. .Foot Ankle Clin 9::297. ,2004. .
-
10
Dockery GL: The treatment of intermetatarsal neuromas with 4% alcohol sclerosing injections. .J Foot Ankle Surg 38::403. ,1999. .
-
11
Hodor L, Barkal K, Hatch-Fox LD: Cryogenic denervation of the intermetatarsal space neuroma. .J Foot Ankle Surg 36::311. ,1997. .
-
12
Sharp RJ, Wade CM, Hennessy MS, et al: The role of MRI and ultrasound imaging in Morton’s neuroma and the effect of size of lesion on symptoms. .J Bone Joint Surg Br 85::999. ,2003. .
-
13
Sobiesk GA, Wertheimer SJ, Schulz R, et al: Sonographic evaluation of interdigital neuromas. .J Foot Ankle Surg 36::364. ,1997. .
-
14
Theodoresco B, Lalande G: Magnetic resonance and Morton’s neuroma [in French]. .Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 77::273. ,1991. .
-
15
Tobajas Asensio E, Tobajas Asensio JA, Boada Apilluelo E, et al: Echography evaluation of Morton’s neuroma [in Spanish]. .An Med Interna 17::416. ,2000. .
-
16
Resch S, Stenstrom A, Jonsson A, et al: The diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in Morton’s neuroma: a radiological-surgical correlation. .Foot Ankle Int 15::88. ,1994. .
-
17
Williams JW, Meaney J, Whitehouse GH, et al: MRI in the investigation of Morton’s neuroma: which sequences?. Clin Radiol 52::46. ,1997. .
-
18
Beggs I: Sonographic appearances of nerve tumors. .J Clin Ultrasound 27::363. ,1999. .
-
19
Peer S, Bodner G, Meirer R, et al: Examination of postoperative peripheral nerve lesions with high-resolution sonography. .AJR Am J Roentgenol 177::415. ,2001. .
-
20
Peer S, Kovacs P, Harpf C, et al: High-resolution sonography of lower extremity peripheral nerves: anatomic correlation and spectrum of disease. .J Ultrasound Med 21::315. ,2002. .
Use of High-Resolution Ultrasound in Evaluation of the Forefoot to Differentiate Forefoot Nerve Entrapments
Search for other papers by Brian R. Kincaid in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stephen L. Barrett in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Forefoot pain can have single or multiple etiologies, and frequently pain is attributed solely to a forefoot nerve entrapment. It is well known that forefoot nerve entrapments, such as Morton’s, can be falsely assumed to be the cause of forefoot pain when in fact other factors, such as plantar plate disturbances, are the true cause. Frequently, the cause of the patient’s forefoot pain starts as a forefoot nerve entrapment, but then, as a result of treatment with a corticosteroid injection, other pathologies manifest, such as plantar plate rupture. The development of high-resolution, high-frequency ultrasound scanners has opened the door to in-depth examination of peripheral nerves as well as small pericapsular and intracapsular joint structures of the foot and ankle. In the hands of an experienced clinician, ultrasound can play an important role in differentiating nerve lesions and entrapment syndromes from nonneurogenic pain generators, such as tendons, ligaments, fasciae, and joint capsules. The focus of this article is the forefoot, where differentiation of neuroma, neuritis, and capsulitis can be difficult. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(5): 429–432, 2005)
advertising
advertising
