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- Author or Editor: Elif Nedret Keskinöz x
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Background: Midfoot osteotomy is often used in the surgical treatment of foot deformities. The percutaneous Gigli saw osteotomy (PGSO) technique has many advantages compared with known osteotomy techniques. We aimed to show the efficacy and reliability of the PGSO technique in the midfoot of fresh frozen cadavers without using an image intensifier.
Methods: Four mini-incisions were performed on the dorsomedial, dorsolateral, plantar medial, and plantar lateral regions of the midfoot. Subperiosteal tunnels were then opened with a thin bone elevator, and the four incisions were combined with each other. The Gigli saw was tied to suture material and passed through the tunnels. The PGSO was performed in the midfoot of 12 feet of the cadaver specimens without using an image intensifier. Cadaver specimens were dissected, and injured structures were noted.
Results: The mean ± SD (range) cadaver age was 81.16 ± 10.38 years (65–93 years) and weight was 60.86 ± 12.39 kg (49.8–81.6 kg). All of the osteotomies were adequate as planned in the cuboid-cuneiform level and all of them were complete osteotomy .Incomplete osteotomy was not observed in any cadaver specimens. In one specimen, a complete injury of the peroneal tendons (peroneus longus and brevis) was detected. In another specimen, an incomplete tibialis anterior tendon injury was detected. There was no iatrogenic neurovascular injury in the specimens.
Conclusions: The PGSO technique is recommended for use even by inexperienced surgeons owing to its minimal risk of soft-tissue injury, provision of a complete osteotomy line, and easy application with limited incisions.
Background:
We sought to show the biomechanical and morphometric properties of flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon grafts harvested by specific surgical approaches and to assess the contribution of FHL slips to the long flexor tendons of the toes.
Methods:
Thirteen fresh-frozen amputated feet (average age, 79 years) were dissected. The connections between the FHL and FDL tendons and the contribution of FHL slips to the long flexor tendons were classified. The biomechanical properties of the tendons and slips were measured using a tensile device.
Results:
The connections between the FHL and FDL tendons were reviewed in two groups. Group 1 had FHL slips (11 cases) and group 2 had cross-slips (two cases). The FHL slips joined the second and third toe long flexor tendon structures. Tendon length decreased significantly from the second to the fifth toe (P < .001). Apart from the second toe tendon being thicker than that of the fourth toe (P = .02) and Young's modulus being relatively smaller in the third versus the fourth toe tendon (P = .01), biomechanical and morphometric properties of second to fourth tendons were similar. Mechanical properties of those tendons were significantly different from fifth toe tendons and FHL slips. Morphometric and biomechanical properties of FHL slips were similar to those of the fifth toe tendon.
Conclusions:
Herein, FHL slips were shown to have biomechanical properties that might contribute to flexor functions of the toes. During the harvesting of tendon grafts from the FHL by minimally invasive incision techniques from the distal plane of the master knot of Henry, cutting slips between FHL and FDL tendons could be considered a cause of postoperative function loss in toes.
